← General Intelligence and Reasoning

Syllogism — Questions with Solutions

7 solved Syllogism questions from General Intelligence and Reasoning, as asked in SSC CGL and other SSC exams. Read the answer and explanation below, then practise the full set in the practice section.

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Q1. Statements: Some boxes are cartons. All cartons are papers. Some cartons are utensils. Conclusion (I): No box is a utensil. Conclusion (II): Some papers are utensils.

कथन: कुछ बॉक्स कार्टन हैं। सभी कार्टन पेपर हैं। कुछ कार्टन बर्तन हैं। निष्कर्ष (I): कोई बॉक्स बर्तन नहीं है। निष्कर्ष (II): कुछ पेपर बर्तन हैं।

  1. A. Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow
  2. B. Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows
  3. C. Only conclusion (II) follows
  4. D. Only conclusion (I) follows

Solution

Conclusion I doesn't follow because there's no negative relation. Conclusion II follows because all cartons are papers and some cartons are utensils, so some papers are utensils.

Q2. Statement: Most students in the class passed the exam. Conclusions: I. Some students failed the exam. II. All students appeared for the exam.

कथन: कक्षा में अधिकांश छात्र परीक्षा में उत्तीर्ण हुए। निष्कर्ष: I. कुछ छात्र परीक्षा में अनुत्तीर्ण हुए। II. सभी छात्र परीक्षा में उपस्थित हुए।

  1. A. Only I follows
  2. B. Only II follows
  3. C. Both I and II follow
  4. D. Neither I nor II follows

Solution

'Most passed' means 'some did not pass', implying some failed. So Conclusion I follows. We cannot definitely conclude that all appeared.

Q3. Statement: Online education requires reliable internet access. Assumptions: I. Students have access to the internet. II. Traditional education is outdated.

कथन: ऑनलाइन शिक्षा के लिए विश्वसनीय इंटरनेट एक्सेस की आवश्यकता होती है। पूर्वधारणाएँ: I. छात्रों के पास इंटरनेट की सुविधा है। II. पारंपरिक शिक्षा पुरानी हो चुकी है।

  1. A. Only I is implicit
  2. B. Only II is implicit
  3. C. Both I and II are implicit
  4. D. Neither I nor II is implicit

Solution

For online education to be considered or implemented, it is assumed that the target audience (students) can access the internet. Assumption II is irrelevant.

Q4. Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Statements: All cars are bikes. No bike is a bus. Conclusions: I. No car is a bus. II. Some bikes are cars.

दिए गए कथनों और निष्कर्षों को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़ें। कथन: सभी कारें बाइक हैं। कोई बाइक बस नहीं है। निष्कर्ष: I. कोई कार बस नहीं है। II. कुछ बाइक कारें हैं।

  1. A. Only conclusion I follows
  2. B. Only conclusion II follows
  3. C. Both conclusions I and II follow
  4. D. Neither conclusion I nor II follows

Solution

Since all cars are inside bikes and no bike touches bus, no car can be a bus (I is true). Since all cars are bikes, some part of bikes is cars (II is true).

Q5. Statements: 1. Some cats are dogs. 2. All dogs are elephants. Conclusions: I. Some cats are elephants. II. All cats are elephants.

कथन: 1. कुछ बिल्लियाँ कुत्ते हैं। 2. सभी कुत्ते हाथी हैं। निष्कर्ष: I. कुछ बिल्लियाँ हाथी हैं। II. सभी बिल्लियाँ हाथी हैं।

  1. A. Only I follows
  2. B. Only II follows
  3. C. Both I and II follow
  4. D. Neither I nor II follows

Solution

Since all dogs are elephants and some cats are dogs, the overlapping part of cats is elephants (I is true). We cannot say all cats are elephants.

Q6. In this question, three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All fans are brown. Some brown are chairs. Some chairs are plastic. Conclusions: I. Some brown are fans. II. Some chairs are brown. III. No chair is plastic.

  1. A. Only conclusions II and III follow.
  2. B. None of the conclusions follows.
  3. C. Only conclusions I and II follow.
  4. D. Only conclusion III follows.

Solution

Conclusion I follows because 'All fans are brown' implies 'Some brown are fans'. Conclusion II follows because 'Some brown are chairs' implies 'Some chairs are brown'. Conclusion III is false because the statement explicitly says 'Some chairs are plastic'.

Q7. Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which conclusion(s) logically follow(s) from the given statements. Statements: No river is a mountain. Some rivers are animals. Some birds are mountains. Conclusions: I: No animal is a mountain. II: No river is a bird.

  1. A. Only conclusion (II) follows
  2. B. Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows
  3. C. Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow
  4. D. Only conclusion (I) follows

Solution

Conclusion I does not follow because only the 'animal' part overlapping with 'river' cannot be a mountain; other animals could be. Conclusion II does not follow as there is no direct negative relation given between rivers and birds.